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Aave TVL Sinks $6B After Kelp Bridge Hack Fuels DeFi Lending Contagion Fears
Aave has seen a sharp pullback in deposits, even though the lending protocol itself was not hacked. Data from DefiLlama show total value locked falling from $26.4 billion on April 18 to about $20 billion during U.S. morning hours on Sunday, a drop of roughly $6.6 billion.
Market reaction was immediate. AAVE slid 16% to $92, liquidations accelerated over the weekend, and daily fees jumped to $1.99 million.
The stress stems from a separate exploit involving Kelp, a liquid restaking protocol. Kelp routes already-staked ether into EigenLayer and issues a receipt token, rsETH, which can be traded and used as collateral across DeFi lending venues. On Saturday, attackers manipulated Kelp's cross-chain bridge into releasing 116,500 rsETH—valued at about $292 million—to an address they controlled.
On-chain trackers indicate the stolen rsETH was then deposited into Aave V3 as collateral, with the attackers borrowing wrapped ether (WETH) against it. The Aave-specific borrowing linked to the incident is estimated near $196 million, with total positions across Aave, Compound and Euler around $236 million.
Aave initially said its Umbrella reserve would cover any deficit. Later on Saturday, messaging shifted to the protocol "explor[ing] paths to offset the deficit," language that traders read as less definitive about the size and funding of any shortfall.
Aave's exposure is amplified by how concentrated its lending book is. The protocol operates across 22 chains, but Ethereum accounts for $14.24 billion of the $17.82 billion in outstanding borrows. WETH represents 39.49% of all loans on Aave, placing the exploit directly in the collateral-to-WETH corridor that dominates activity.
Aave founder Stani Kulechov said the exploit was external and Aave's contracts were not compromised. Still, the episode highlights a structural risk: Aave accepted a liquid restaking token as collateral, and the token's backing effectively evaporated due to a bridge failure outside Aave's control.
Liquid restaking tokens had been whitelisted across major lending protocols as yield-bearing assets tied to a growing share of Ethereum's locked value. Risk models largely assumed these assets would maintain their peg under normal conditions, but did not account for a scenario in which collateral could collapse to zero after a weekend bridge exploit on a chain the lending protocol does not even operate on.
"AAVE is the backbone of DeFi, has billions in there, and pretty much every single new DeFi infrastructure on new chains is a fork of it," trader Altcoin Sherpa wrote on X. "When AAVE has contagion risk, it shows the fragility of the entire system."
With deposits fleeing, the key questions for markets are whether Umbrella is large enough to cover any hole and whether stkAAVE holders backing that reserve will ultimately absorb losses.